Ephesus – The Pride of Turkey
There are many ancient ruins scattered all over Turkey but the most impressive is Ephesus, located on the western coast of Turkey, close to the charming resort of Kusadasi.
Quoted as being one of the seven churches of Asia in the Christian book of revelation, thousands of people flock to Ephesus every day to learn about its history and marvel at the well-preserved aspects of this ancient city.
Ancient Ephesus
The history of ancient Ephesus starts in the 10th century BC as a minor and irrelevant part of the Attic-Ionian colony. It absorbed itself into Greek rule but it was not until it fell to the Romans that it would achieve its full potential as one of the largest cities of the Roman Empire.
Located near a harbor, the city became a major trading port and the capital of proconsul Asia. It saw hundreds of years of prosperity and great wealth before falling to the Goth invasion in 263 AD. The invasion combined with the receding of the harbor waters meant that it was no longer a great asset for seaport trading.
The Byzantine and Selcuk rule did nothing to soften its demise and during the region of the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century, citizens abandoned the city and the glory days fell into the timeline of history.
In 1863, the British museum sponsored an archaeologist to uncover the temple of Artemis. In 1895, Germans began to help and play a major role in uncovering much of the city that still lies beneath the ground.
Estimations are that 80%of Ephesus is undiscovered so considering the size of the city that has already been uncovered, this proves testament to the fact that it was pride of the Roman Empire.
Ephesus Terrace Houses
In 1960, experts unearthed the terrace houses but it was not until recent years that the houses became open to the public. They were an exciting find and their story tells of the lives for the rich citizens of Ephesus. Intricate mosaics on the floor and frescoes on the wall explain the desire for interior décor while clay pipes and heating systems prove that the Roman Empire was ahead of its time in terms of innovations and inventions.
Ephesus Theatre
One of the most impressive finds of Ephesus is the large theatre, used for animal and gladiator fights as well as political and religious meetings. With the capacity to seat 25,000 people, this theatre helps tremendously to bring the imagination alive when thinking of day-to-day life for the citizens of the city.
Celsius Library
Often appearing on most picture postcards of Turkey is the Celsius library. The two stories, magnificent columns and impressive statues have all been carefully reconstructed to rebuild the third most impressive library of ancient times, holding an estimated 12,000 scrolls of information.
The Christian Religion
Ephesus plays an important part in the beginning of Christianity. Paul the apostle lived there and many history experts believe that the Gospel was wrote from there. Since the 4th century Ad, there have also been suggestions from various scholars that Mary lived in the city during the later stages of her life.
Various Christian signs in stones are present in the residential areas, they tell of meeting places and safe houses for Christians who were under persecution. Near the ancient ruins, some experts suggest, there is the location of the seven sleepers, whose story appears in various religious texts, telling of the persecution for their religion and their 200-year sleep.
Artemis Temple
Known as one of the seven wonders of the ancient world, the temple was in its prime, an impressive construction. During the life of Paul in Ephesus, many locals who depended on the temple for their income felt that his Christian beliefs were a threat to their livelihood. Unfortunately, only one column remains of the temple and it is hard to imagine the glory days.
Ephesus Museum
The museum holds many great finds discovered during excavations of the city. Located in Selcuk, lovers of Ephesus and its ancient history will delight in seeing many artifacts.
House of the Virgin Mary
High up in the hills above Ephesus is the house of the Virgin Mary, which is considered to be her last resting place. Many people miss the house when touring and this is a great shame considering her connection with the city. As well as the house, there are also the fountains of spring water of which myths suggest of healing qualities.
The best way to explore Ephesus and the surrounding areas is with an experienced guide qualified and certified by the ministry in Turkey. The guides play a great part in bringing the history alive, with their intricate knowledge of life, religions and architecture. A professional tour guide enhances and excels the experience of visiting this world renowned and ancient wonder.
